Dengue fever, once considered a seasonal threat in Sri Lanka, has now evolved into a year-round menace, posing significant health risks. With urban and semi-urban settings particularly vulnerable, the spread of dengue has become a pressing issue requiring immediate attention and concerted efforts from authorities and communities alike.
Current Situation
Since the onset of 2024, the National Dengue Control Unit (NDCU) in Sri Lanka has reported over 26,000 cases of dengue fever, with nine reported deaths, including that of a child. Although these figures represent a decrease compared to previous years, the impending south-west monsoon rains forecasted for later this month raise concerns of a potential surge in dengue cases. In light of this, the public is urged to take necessary precautions to prevent further outbreaks.
DENGUE CASE REPORTING
During 20th week, 770 suspected dengue cases were reported in 22 districts in comparison to 523, in 25 districts during the 19th week. There is 47.2% increase in 20th week, compared to the previous week. Of all reported cases, 36.4% were from Western Province [Colombo Municipal Council – 4.9%, rest of the Colombo District – 16.6%, Gampaha District – 10.5% and Kalutara District – 4.3%]. Ratnapura [19.2%], Kandy [11.2%], Kurunegala [7.8%], Kegalle [7.0%] and Galle [4.0%] districts also have reported higher number of cases.
Understanding Dengue
Dengue fever is caused by the transmission of the dengue virus through the bite of female mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. While many dengue infections may be asymptomatic or result in mild illness, severe cases can lead to complications and even death. There is currently no specific treatment for dengue, making prevention and control of utmost importance.
Recognizing Symptoms
Early detection of dengue fever is crucial for prompt medical intervention. Symptoms may include sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, nausea, muscle, and joint pain. In severe cases, patients may experience a rash and various degrees of bleeding from different parts of the body. Dengue hemorrhagic fever, although rare, presents the most severe form of the disease, characterized by significant bleeding manifestations.
Seeking Medical Attention
Individuals exhibiting symptoms such as severe vomiting, abdominal pain, increased thirst, drowsiness, and abnormal bleeding should seek medical advice promptly, even in the absence of a fever. Certain warning signs, including cold clammy skin, restlessness, decreased urine output, and behavioral changes, warrant immediate medical attention and intervention.
Prevention and Control
Effective mosquito control is fundamental in preventing the spread of dengue fever. Mosquito breeding sites, commonly found in stagnant water collections, must be identified and eliminated promptly. Measures such as covering water containers, clearing debris blocking drains, and using mosquito-proof meshes on doors and windows can help mitigate the risk of mosquito breeding and subsequent dengue transmission.
Personal Protective Measures
Individuals are advised to take personal protective measures, especially during peak mosquito activity hours. This includes wearing protective clothing, using mosquito nets, applying insect repellents containing DEET, and utilizing physical barriers such as mosquito-proof meshes on doors and windows.
Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in Sri Lanka, necessitating continuous vigilance and proactive measures from both authorities and individuals. By fostering community awareness, implementing effective mosquito control measures, and promoting personal protective measures, we can collectively combat the spread of dengue fever and safeguard the health and well-being of our communities. (LankaXpress.com)
